This post started out to address electromagnetic fields as well as gravity. Progress in the mnp Model picture of EM has been significant enough that EM gets its own post. Astounding possibilities on the gravity side promote it to its own post, here. (2022-02-02^2)
Gravity Effect on Coils
Axis (charge) influence is the basic property that leads to all electrodynamic effects in the mnp Model. It has nothing to do with gravity. Gravity results solely from the Travel effect, the tendency of basic entities near each other to travel in the same direction. Here, the effect of gravity on a coil of a particle is shown. The divergence of the field is grossly exaggerated. The gray region represents the tendency of the coil to expand. The gray region with inside the circle indicates contraction if the coil expanded beyond its minimum. When parallel, the Travel effect is 0. When paths are perpendicular, the effect is 0.
Figure 1 - Gravitational Effect on Perpendicular Coil
But that diagram indicates traditional physics think. The coils, instead of having momentum themselves, probably revert to their preferred curvature whenever the effect from outside stops causing expansion. So the curvature change is not cumulative though the effect on path of course is. Try a different diagram:
Figure 2 - Gravitational Effect on Perpendicular Coil - correction to Expand Only
Since the Travel Alignment effect is bi-directional, the outer quadrant, going out, will be influenced to curve less and so move up a little. The outer quadrant, going in, no longer sees an expanding influence and reverts to its normal curvature. The inner coil, going in, will be influenced to open up, take a little longer to get to perpendicular to the graviton’s travel direction. The inner coil going out quadrant will not be influenced to open so will revert to its normal curvature.
The net effect is what leads to what we see as gravitational acceleration or interpret as a curvature of space. The diagram looks like there is no difference, the coil is slightly bigger above but exposed to fewer gravitons per length, while the coil below sees more effect but over a shorter angle, in apparently direct proportion.
The difference is subtle, and took the author, who is supposed to be steeped in the mnp Model, a long time to figure out or remember. The divergence of the field and gravitons is as the inverse of the square of the distance from the center of mass. The coils are planar, so while the inner half of the coil is less than half the circumference of the coil, and the outer half (or affected quadrant) is longer by dtheta times the radius, the outer half sees fewer gravitons since they are also diverging in the perpendicular plane dphi not shown in the diagram. Since the net gravitons seen is less in the outer quadrant of the coil than the inner quadrant, the lower incoming quadrant is affected more. The coil moves in every so slightly. Since there are many coils per particle, the effect will accumulate. Slowly
Since gravity is bidirectional, with mediators going in to be recruited by the mass after having been affected in direction by the outgoing mediators and in the steady state an equal number of mediators going out after being recruited by the mass. Acceleration is only a function of the divergence and quantity of the mediators. No divergence, no acceleration. Since the differences are TINY, gravitation can be seen as weak. Since gravity is bidrectional, the outgoing and ingoing portions of the coil spend equal amounts of time in contact with the influence.
Note that the coils of particles in mass have all different orientations. By symmetry, we need to examine coils from perpendicular to the mediators of the field to parallel. With a coil perpendicular to the field (and not moving), there will be no effect.
Figure 3 - Gravitational Effect on Perpendicular to Coil - None
With a coil at and angle to the field, the effect will be less than described for the coil parallel to graviton travel, but still present and still stronger in the “downward” direction.
Figure 4 - Gravitational Effect on Angled Coil
On creating the first image and then writing the sentence about the bidirectional influence, the author felt the ground move. Or at least his heart beat harder.
Expansion in the Early Universe
Gravity is now bidirectional. BUT, early in the universe before the gravitons returned (a movie I missed too), if there were only or principally outgoing mediators, the effect would be to accelerate OUTWARD, since the incoming quadrants would spend less time in contact with the mediators of the field. In the vernacular, WTF. Gravity as an expansive force? Yes!
Figure 5 - Gravitational Effect in Only One Direction in Early Universe
Further, note that when a particle is traveling quickly already, the presence of gravitons will cause direct acceleration by the Travel effect, causing the figments of the charge material loops to move more in parallel with the gravitational field. No need for a weak differential effect, but a force akin to the Central Strong Force though with fewer influencers. Note too that particles moving parallel to the gravitons have evenly spread movement around and side to side the direction of travel, so while being accelerated the particle does not disturb the gravitons direction. In the vernacular, WTF? Gravity as a hugely accelerating force for fast particles? Yes!
Figure 6 - Gravitational Effect - Recruiting Fast Moving Coil to Move Faster
This figure shows the coil position more faintly, because the basic entities of the particle moving at c have a large component of that movement away from the coil and in the direction of movement. The component that is not involved in movement is making slower progress around the coil, which leads to time dilation.
The combination of the two accelerations would allow massive expansion of the material in the universe.
That explanation is NOT sufficient in itself.
Gravitons Created After Particles?
The explanation for expansion depends on particles being created before the source of mediators ran out. How to Explain that fact of Existence?
Let me try to explain how an initial expansion might occur. Charge loops can recruit a huge number of mediators if not coiled in on themselves. Note the Experimental sighting of thick strings when quarks are pulled apart. If particles are being recruited from uncoiled loops or larger loops and coiled up tightly in the process of particle formation/recruitment, massive amounts of mediators may be released. Half that release may go outward, to accelerate already created particles traveling outward or initially be lost. Half may go back across the region of creation to accelerate other particles. So if recruitment of particles from massive un-combined loops takes place over time, the expansion of the universe may be explained. The measured slowing of expansion (ignoring the expansion of space itself, which the author hopes to take on at another time) and the settling of galaxies into clusters might occur as returning gravitons are encountered. An excess of returning gravitons would slow the expansion.
Supernovae may have some sequence to mediator release, but presumably most mediators, light, and neutrinos come out at the same time the particles do so we do not see ultra long distance distribution of supernova particles. Some acceleration may be from mediator release, so supernovae may also “push out” matter rather than “exploding.” Whether this effect is involved in solar flares may be worth investigation.
Graviton Return
Regarding return of gravitons: When gravitons reach a lower limit on density, unless influenced by on-coming gravitons from a distant mass, they will group and most likely polarize. Groups of polarized clumped gravitons are seen as fhotons in the mnp Model. How that clumping leads to turning and returning is not clear, though once gravitons have turned beyond 90 degrees, further turning to return will be caused by the Travel effect of the arriving/out-going gravitons. Certainly the author would not expect such clumping and polarization to be quantized and lead to CMBR.
Of course, why figments would be present in a small region and how the recruitment happens in the first place is still to be explained…
Discovery or Invention?
This is not the first time an unexpected explanation has arisen from the principles of the mnp Model. Seeing Charge-Time symmetry and preferred electron shell transitions arise from mnp Model principles has been interesting. Not enough to prove anything, but enough to make me feel like an explorer as much as an inventor. Exciting times.
The period of expansion took time but now has a two part explanation within the mnp Model. Of course, explanation of the uniformity of CMBR remains.
The Abstract is positioned at the end so that readers can experience some of the same unfolding experienced by the author. Hope you are having fun too.
Abstract - Post 47
The mnp Model explains gravity as an effect on particles by bidirectional mediators (also known as gravitons) traveling radially to and from mass. Diagrams are shown. In terrestrial low speed experience, gravity is a ``two way phenomenon’’ where gravitons are being received and sent out symmetrically, acceleration is an imbalance in the effect on particle coils, and small number G is a reasonable factor for gravitational interactions. In the early universe, asymmetry in graviton direction would lead to MUCH greater accelerations OUTWARD. At fraction-of-light-speeds, for particles moving toward or away from mass, gravitational fields have MUCH greater acceleration in both directions. Those two phenomena are offered as an explanation for the initial cosmic expansion. And some of the slowing.
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