Energy and h Explained in the mnp Model

The conserved quantity energy and the constant h now have a firm and clear (at least to the author) explanation in the mnp Model's description of basic three different kinds of entities moving at c that make up all matter and fields.

The meaning and magnitude of the Planck constant h has meaning with respect to electron shell uncoiling, leading to spin and orbital angular momentum.

Momentum is, as explained before, the total of basic entities and their net movement compared to rotating at rest. It is conserved because entities cannot affect another's direction without an equivalent redirection of their own.

Energy causes the basic entities to change direction. Conceptually, matter at rest is made of basic entities rotating at c in loops and going nowhere. Motion requires that a lateral component be added to that inherent rotation, which takes away from the natural rotation. Neutrinos and photons move at c. To stop that motion requires a centripetal force integrated over pi/2. So mc² comes from the centripetal force integrated over pi/2 required to make a turn of 90 degrees, either from resting to moving at c or from c to resting. Radius cancels in the integration over angle. This justifies the conservation of energy and mc². Only so much redirection can go on (and investigation of fields shows it DOES go on for all motion even if we don't see it).

For the kinetic energy of motion, the coils have to be straightened enough to provide v. That is a fairly direct calculation. The angle for travel is arcsin(v/c), the shortening of the coils or amount of straightening from the natural coil radius is a centripetal force related to 1-cos(angle of travel). At very small angles, the arcsin and cos work out to 1/2mv².

Even the awkward units for h, the Planck constant, make sense. Getting 2 coils from the loop forming an electron (or another fermion's charge loop structure) to uncoil is a 4pi change in direction for the whole loop, repeated for a second. The units on the number of times the loop passes per second is seconds(!), so the units of h would be energy times seconds. The effort needs to continue through time, it is not just a one time redirection. Energy needs to be put in continually from somewhere to keep the natural coils opened up. The sources of energy to keep the electron shell from collapsing are the basic entities that will start a photon if the shell collapses and the field created by the nucleus.

Further exposition and diagrams are needed, but the math and physics concepts are simple.

This development grew from investigating the fields created by traveling neutrinos. Details at 11, date unspecified.

At present, the author understands the public reaction of Archimedes. “What is this naked man talking about?” Full report to follow.